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• "Substantial improvement"is any reconstruction, remodeling, addition or improvement to <br /> a structure with a cost equaling or exceeding 50% of the market value of the structure before any <br /> improvement. Improvements to correct identified violations of local health, sanitary or safety <br /> Codes are not substantial improvements, regardless of the cost, as long as they are the minimum <br /> improvement necessary to bring the structure up to Code. Alterations to historical structures are <br /> also exempted, as long as the improvement does not affect the structure's official status of <br /> "historical structure." <br /> "Uses vulnerable to.floods"are simply any land or structural uses that may be negatively <br /> affected by a flood. <br /> "Variance"is a formal, written permission from the Appeals Board to construct or develop in <br /> a way that is inconsistent with the requirements of this Code. The variance only deals with this <br /> Code—the Appeals Board has no authority to waive any other governmental requirement, and <br /> has no say in the cost of flood insurance. <br /> "Violation"-means the failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant with <br /> the community's floodplain management regulations. A structure or other development without <br /> the elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in this <br /> Code is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided. <br /> • "Watercourse alteration"refers to any change that occurs within the banks of a <br /> watercourse. <br /> "Water Surface Elevation"-means the height, in relation to the National Geodetic Vertical <br /> Datum (NGVD) of 1929 (or other datum, where specified), of floods of various magnitudes and <br /> frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas. <br /> "X Risk Zones"are a special group of insurance risk zones. One type, shown as non-shaded <br /> areas on FEMA issued flood maps, indicates a zone where flooding is not expected to occur. <br /> The second type, shown as shaded areas of FEMA flood maps, indicates a flood hazard area that <br /> is expected to be affected by the 500-year flood, but not by the 100-year base flood. <br /> • <br /> 10 <br />